Biography
Enrollment Date: 2011
Graduation Date:2016
Degree:Ph.D.
Defense Date:2016.05.28
Advisors:Zhihua Wang
Department:Institute of Microelectronics,Tsinghua University
Title of Dissertation/Thesis:Design Techniques of Dual-band
Bluetooth Low Energy Transceiver
Abstract:
Moble health (m-health) is widely considered to be a promising method to
relieve the heavy social burden. Wireless sensing devices can be used to collect the
health information of a user and transmit to the user or a hospital. With these devices,
the medical diagnosis and treatment can be performed more conveniently and cost less.
The wireless communication in m-health usually adopts 400~457MHz and
2.4~2.4835GHz bands. It has been proved that dual-band simultaneous operation is
favorable for m-health application, but no integrated chip (IC) supports yet. Besides, the
form factor of m-health devices limits the battery, which leads to a short battery life. In
order to overcome those problems, the dissertation focuses on the design techniques of a
dual-band low-power low-cost transceiver.
To support dual-band simultaneous operation, the dissertation proposes single-chip
architecture of a transceiver with a dual-band antenna. The crosstalk in-band
interference and out-of-band blocker are major challenges in the architecture. Two
techniques are proposed, a harmonic suppression technique for 400MHz band power
amplifier (PA) and an in-band interference active cancellation technique for 2.4GHz
band low noise amplifier (LNA). With these two techniques, the sensitivity of the
2.4GHz band receiver is improved by 19dB, while the current consumption is only
75μA.
To lower the power consumption and cost, the dissertation presents four
methods/circuits, a low-cost gain calibration circuit for digital-controlled-oscillator
(DCO), a fast automatic-gain-control (AGC) method for zero-IF/sliding-IF receivers, a
phase-domain ADC based low-power demodulator for Bluetooth and a low-power
low-cost DC offset calibration circuit. The proposed transceiver adopts
zero-IF/sliding-IF and two-point modulation architectures and these methods/circuits
help to make the transceiver practical and robust while further reducing the power
consumption.
The gain calibration circuit can help to improve the modulation quality with an
extra divider, which costs much less than other publications. The fast AGC method can
finish within 3μs under all circumstances defined in Bluetooth low-energy and thus help
Abstract
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to capture burst packets. The proposed demodulator fully reuses active circuits, which
saves power consumption and chip area. The dc offset calibration circuits operate only
once when the transceiver is power-on, so the average power consumption is 0mW.
Furthermore, the calibration results cost much less memory.
A dual-band Bluetooth low-enregy transceiver chip for m-health application has
been designed based on the architecture and techniques mentioned above. Fabricated in
65nm CMOS process, the transceiver chip occupies 2.951.95mm2 area. The 2.4GHz
band part of the chip supports 1/2/3Mbps data rate and achieves a sensitivity of -94dBm
in Bluetooth low-energy mode. The minimum power consumption of 2.4GHz band
receiver is 3.3mW. The measured EVM of 2.4GHz band transmitter is 1.9% and the
power consumption is as low as 3.18mW. The 400MHz band part of the chip supports
3-10Mbps data rate. The receiver sensitivity is measured to be -86dBm with 10Mbps
OQPSK modulation and the power consumption is 3.1mW. The EVM of 400MHz band
transmitter is 5.95% and power consumption is as low as 2.98mW. It is proved that the
energy efficiency of the chip is better than published transceivers and note that the chip
supports dual-band simultaneous operation.