题目/Title：A 9.4 pJ/bit 432 MHz 16-QAM/MSK Transmitter Based on Edge-Combining Power Amplifier

作者/Author：郭衍束,麦宋平,翁兆洋,刘恒,姜汉钧,王志华
                        Yanshu Guo,Songping Mai,Zhaoyang Weng,Heng Liu,Hanjun Jiang,Zhihua Wang

会议/Conference：ISCAS 2017

地点/Location：Baltimore, MD, USA

年份/Issue Date：2017.28-31 May

页码/pages：pp. 1 - 4

摘要/Abstract：
An energy-efficiency 16-QAM/MSK transmitter (TX) working at 432 MHz is presented for the short range communications. By adopting the edge-combining power amplifier (ECPA), only an injection-locked ringing oscillator (ILRO) with very low frequency is required, in comparison to the high frequency local oscillator in conventional TX's, which helps to reduce the power consumption of this TX significantly. A new method to control the amplitude of the edge-combined quadrature signals is proposed to generate the 16-quadrature amplitude modulation (16-QAM) and minimum shift keying (MSK) modulations in this work. A finite impulse response (FIR) filter is introduced in the ECPA for side lobe suppression enhancement. Implemented in a 0.18 μm CMOS process, the proposed TX consumes 468 μW when outputting -15 dBm 50 Mbps 16-QAM/MSK signals in simulation. Under 1 V supply, the TX can achieve an energy efficiency of 9.4 pJ/bit at the maximum data rate of 50 Mbps. The phase noise of the RF output in the injection-locked state is -103 dBc/Hz, at 1MHz offset.