题目/Title：EVM estimation by analyzing transmitter imperfections mathematically and graphically

作者/Author：
                        Ruifeng Liu,Yongming Li,Hongyi Chen,Zhihua Wang

期刊/Journal：Analog Integrated Circuits and Signal Processing

年份/Issue Date：2006Sept.

卷（期）及页码/Volume（No.）&pages：Vol.48, No.3, pp. 257 - 262

摘要/Abstract：
This letter analyzes the effects of transmitter imperfections, including carrier leakage, unwanted sideband, nonlinearity, local oscillator (LO) phase noise and frequency error, on error vector magnitude (EVM) performance. Predictor equations of transmitter EVM are given for radio designers to estimate the level of EVM or set appropriate design specifications to obtain desired EVM performance. These predictor equations are validated by measurement results of other reported works.